Crypto Merchant Accounts UK
Published - 25 August 2024
Revised - 10 August 2026


Libby James is the founder and Managing Director of Merchant Advice Service. Since 2016, she has worked directly with businesses and payment providers across merchant accounts, card processing, payment gateways and complex provider requirements.
Libby specialises in high-risk, declined and harder-to-place merchants, as well as businesses requiring specialist payment methods, integrations or international support. She writes and reviews Merchant Advice Service content, drawing on practical experience gained from real merchant enquiries and provider relationships.
If you operate a cryptocurrency business and need to accept debit or credit card payments, finding a payment provider can be significantly more difficult than it is for a standard ecommerce business.
Crypto exchanges, trading platforms and other cryptocurrency-related businesses are often subject to enhanced underwriting because payment providers need to understand not only the card transaction, but also the underlying crypto activity, customer journey, regulatory position, fraud exposure and movement of funds.
A crypto business can potentially obtain a merchant account in the UK, but acceptance is provider-specific. The right route will depend on exactly what your business does, where it operates, who its customers are, whether its activities require FCA registration or authorisation, how money moves through the business and the controls you have in place.
Merchant Advice Service provides free, independent guidance to businesses with more complex payment requirements. We can help you understand the information a payment provider is likely to require and identify providers whose current services and risk appetite may be relevant to your business.
For a wider explanation of specialist acquiring, see our guide to High-Risk Merchant Accounts.
These are two very different payment requirements and are often confused.
For example:
A cryptocurrency exchange allowing customers to purchase crypto using a debit card
A trading platform taking customer payments
A crypto brokerage
Certain wallet or custody businesses
A crypto-related platform collecting fiat payments from customers
In these cases, the merchant itself operates within the cryptocurrency sector. This is the type of business this guide focuses on.
A retailer, ecommerce business or service provider may instead want customers to pay for ordinary goods or services using Bitcoin, stablecoins or another cryptoasset.
That usually involves a different payment infrastructure and risk assessment.
If you are applying for card processing as a crypto business, make this distinction very clear to prospective payment providers from the outset.
Yes.
However, there is no universal list of “crypto-friendly payment providers” that will accept every cryptocurrency business.
Provider appetite varies considerably according to:
The exact crypto activity
Regulatory status
Business and ownership location
Customer countries
Transaction values
Expected processing volume
Card-to-crypto payment flows
AML and KYC procedures
Fraud controls
Chargeback exposure
Previous processing history
Currencies
Settlement requirements
Banking arrangements
Website and customer journey
A provider that supports one crypto exchange may decline another with a different model.
This is why applying indiscriminately to multiple payment providers can be counterproductive. Understanding your business model and preparing the underwriting information first is usually a better starting point.
Our High-Risk Merchant Account Applications Guide explains in more detail what providers are likely to assess and how to prepare before applying.
There is no single universal definition of a high-risk merchant.
Each acquirer, payment service provider and gateway has its own underwriting policy and risk appetite.
However, cryptocurrency businesses can present several characteristics that require additional assessment.
Payment providers need to understand whether the business is operating legally in the jurisdictions it serves and what registrations, permissions or regulatory requirements apply.
In the UK, businesses providing certain cryptoasset services by way of business must currently register with the Financial Conduct Authority under the Money Laundering Regulations before carrying out those activities.
Not every business using or interacting with cryptocurrency automatically requires FCA registration. Whether registration is required depends on the activities being carried out.
Businesses should therefore obtain appropriate legal or compliance advice where their regulatory status is unclear.
Crypto businesses can require enhanced scrutiny around:
Customer identification
Source of funds
Transaction monitoring
Sanctions
Politically exposed persons
Suspicious activity
Geographic exposure
Wallet activity
Movement of funds
A payment provider will want to understand how these risks are identified and managed.
A card payment can potentially be disputed after the transaction has taken place.
Where that card transaction is used to acquire an asset that can subsequently be transferred, sold or moved, a provider may face increased fraud and chargeback exposure.
Providers may therefore examine authentication, customer verification, transaction monitoring and fraud-prevention controls particularly closely.
Crypto businesses often operate across multiple jurisdictions.
That can introduce additional questions around:
Where the company is incorporated
Where management is based
Where customers are located
Where acquiring takes place
Customer currencies
Settlement currencies
Regulatory permissions
Sanctions and restricted jurisdictions
“Crypto business” covers a very broad range of models.
An exchange, brokerage, custody provider, trading platform and Web3 software company may all have completely different payment flows and risk profiles.
The provider needs to understand the actual activity rather than simply the word crypto.
Businesses that may encounter additional underwriting include:
Cryptocurrency exchanges
Crypto brokerages
Trading platforms
Fiat-to-crypto platforms
Crypto-to-fiat services
Certain wallet providers
Custody businesses
Crypto investment or trading services
Blockchain businesses that handle customer funds
Certain Web3 platforms
Businesses offering crypto-related products or services
Being connected with cryptocurrency does not automatically mean that every business above will be treated identically.
The underlying activity matters.
A software company supplying technology to crypto businesses, for example, presents a very different payment proposition from an exchange accepting debit cards from consumers who are purchasing crypto.
Crypto exchanges can be particularly complex from an acquiring perspective.
A provider may need to understand the complete journey from the initial customer card payment through to the purchase, allocation or transfer of cryptoassets.
This may include questions such as:
Who is the merchant of record?
What is the customer purchasing?
When does the customer receive the cryptoasset?
Can the cryptoasset immediately be transferred elsewhere?
How is the customer verified?
How are cardholder and account-holder identities matched?
What fraud controls are used?
How are suspicious transactions identified?
Which countries can customers come from?
Are any territories blocked?
What happens when a customer requests a refund?
What happens if a card payment is charged back?
How are customer complaints handled?
For this reason, a crypto exchange merchant-account application is unlikely to be assessed solely on turnover and transaction fees.
The complete payment and customer journey matters.
Fiat-to-crypto describes a transaction where traditional currency such as GBP, EUR or USD is used to purchase a cryptoasset.
For example:
Customer debit card → GBP payment → crypto exchange → cryptocurrency purchased
From the payment provider's perspective, understanding the flow of funds is important.
The provider may want to know:
Who processes the card payment?
Which entity receives settlement?
Which entity supplies the cryptoasset?
Where are funds held?
Is another payment provider involved?
Are third parties involved in the transaction?
How quickly is crypto released?
Can assets immediately be withdrawn?
How is the payer verified?
The clearer this flow is within an application, the easier it is for an underwriter to understand what they are being asked to support.
Regulatory status can form an important part of crypto-payment underwriting.
As of August 2026, businesses providing certain cryptoasset services in the UK by way of business must register with the FCA under the Money Laundering Regulations before starting those activities.
The UK regulatory regime for cryptoassets is also changing.
The FCA's new application gateway for firms requiring permission under the forthcoming FSMA cryptoasset regime opens on 30 September 2026.
The new regulatory regime is expected to take effect on 25 October 2027.
The FCA has confirmed that businesses already registered under the Money Laundering Regulations will still need the appropriate authorisation under FSMA if they carry out activities covered by the new regime. Existing MLR registration does not automatically guarantee FSMA authorisation.
Businesses can read more in the FCA's guidance on MLR registration ahead of the new FSMA cryptoasset regime.
Payment providers may therefore increasingly want to understand not only a crypto firm's current regulatory position, but also how it is preparing for the changing UK regulatory framework.
If you are unsure whether your business requires FCA registration or future authorisation, obtain specialist legal or regulatory advice. Merchant Advice Service does not provide regulatory or legal advice.
A crypto merchant-account application should allow an underwriter to build a clear picture of the business.
Expect questions about:
Legal entity
Incorporation country
Trading history
Directors
Shareholders
Ultimate beneficial owners
Management location
Group structure
Complex international ownership structures may require additional explanation.
Where relevant, providers may ask for:
FCA registration
Other regulatory permissions
Overseas licences
Legal opinions
Compliance documentation
Details of jurisdictions in which the business operates
Explain exactly:
What the company does
What customers are buying
How the company makes money
Who the customers are
How customers transact
How funds move
Where crypto enters the transaction
Avoid vague descriptions such as simply stating “cryptocurrency platform”.
Providers may examine:
Customer identification
Verification processes
AML policies
Transaction monitoring
Sanctions screening
PEP screening
Source-of-funds procedures
Enhanced due diligence
Geographic restrictions
Your website should accurately represent the business being submitted.
An underwriter may review:
Products and services
Terms and conditions
Privacy information
Refund policies
Customer support
Regulatory disclosures
Risk warnings
Checkout/payment journey
Registration and login process
Be prepared to explain:
Expected monthly card turnover
Average transaction value
Maximum transaction value
Customer countries
Card currencies
Settlement currencies
Refund levels
Chargeback history
Fraud history
Previous processors
Forecast growth
For a more detailed overview of underwriting requirements, see High-Risk Merchant Account Applications for UK & EU Businesses.
Requirements vary between providers, but a more complex crypto application may involve a substantial evidence pack.
This can include:
Certificate of incorporation
Company registry information
Ownership structure
Director and UBO identification
Proof of address
Business bank statements
Financial accounts
Management accounts
Funding information
Forecast processing volumes
If you already process payments:
Previous processing statements
Chargeback ratios
Refund information
Fraud data
Previous provider details
Where applicable:
FCA registration details
Regulatory licences
AML policy
KYC procedures
Sanctions controls
Transaction-monitoring information
Compliance contacts
The FCA also publishes guidance on what it expects to see in a cryptoasset registration application, which can be useful background when preparing regulatory documentation.
Terms and conditions
Refund policy
Privacy policy
Customer agreements
Complaints procedure
Providing these documents does not guarantee approval, but a well-prepared application gives the provider a much clearer basis on which to make its assessment.
This is one of the most common questions, but it does not have a reliable static answer.
Payment-provider appetite changes.
A provider may:
Support certain types of crypto business but not others
Require FCA registration
Restrict particular countries
Set minimum processing volumes
Apply transaction limits
Require stronger processing history
Support exchanges but not another type of crypto activity
Change its underwriting appetite over time
For that reason, simply publishing a list of supposedly “crypto-friendly payment processors” can quickly become inaccurate.
A better approach is to identify providers based on the specific business being submitted.
Relevant information includes:
Business model + regulation + countries + currencies + processing history + transaction profile + payment flow + technical requirements.
Merchant Advice Service can help businesses understand these requirements and identify potential payment-provider routes. You can also explore the Merchant Advice Service Payment Gateway Directory, which includes filtering by business type, including crypto.
The payment provider itself always makes the final underwriting and approval decision.
Possibly.
The payment gateway and themerchant account/acquiring relationship are related but not necessarily the same thing.
A payment gateway provides the technology that securely transmits card-payment information.
The acquiring arrangement is what allows the business to process and settle those card transactions.
A gateway may technically support everything a crypto business needs while the acquiring partner behind it does not support the sector.
This distinction is important.
A crypto business may therefore need to assess both:
Including:
API
Hosted checkout
Tokenisation
Recurring payments
3D Secure
Fraud tools
Currencies
Reporting
Integrations
Including:
Crypto business model
Regulatory status
Customer geography
Transaction profile
Chargeback exposure
Processing history
Our main Payment Gateways Guide explains the wider factors businesses should consider when comparing gateway providers.
For businesses with more complicated acquiring requirements, see also Payment Gateways for High-Risk Merchants.
There is no standard crypto merchant-account rate.
Pricing depends on the provider's assessment of the individual business.
When comparing proposals, look beyond the headline transaction percentage.
Potential costs and commercial terms include:
Card-processing percentage
Per-transaction charges
Gateway fees
Monthly fees
Chargeback fees
Cross-border fees
Currency-conversion charges
Settlement terms
Rolling reserves
Minimum processing commitments
Transaction or volume limits
A lower headline processing rate is not necessarily the cheapest overall arrangement if other fees or reserve requirements materially affect cash flow.
A rolling reserve is a proportion of processed funds that a provider temporarily retains to protect against potential future liabilities such as refunds and chargebacks.
For example, a provider could retain a percentage of processing volume for an agreed period before releasing it.
Whether a reserve applies - and its size and duration - depends on the individual provider and risk assessment.
Crypto businesses should understand the reserve terms before signing a merchant agreement because the impact on working capital can be significant.
You can read more about reserves and the wider underwriting considerations on our High-Risk Merchant Accounts hub.
Potentially.
Crypto businesses often require customers to pay using currencies such as:
GBP
EUR
USD
Other local currencies
But accepting multiple card currencies and settling those transactions in multiple currencies are different requirements.
Before choosing a provider, understand:
Presentment currencies
Settlement currencies
FX conversion
Cross-border charges
Acquiring location
Supported customer countries
Settlement accounts
If international acquiring or multi-currency processing is important, include it in the initial provider search rather than discovering after approval that the required currency or country is unsupported.
A decline does not necessarily mean that no provider will consider the business.
It can mean that the provider you approached:
Does not support crypto businesses
Does not support your specific crypto model
Does not support your jurisdiction
Requires a different regulatory status
Is uncomfortable with your transaction profile
Requires more processing history
Has concerns about the application or documentation
Has changed its risk appetite
Before submitting another application, try to establish why the previous application failed.
Repeatedly applying to providers without addressing the underlying issue is unlikely to improve the outcome.
Read our guide on What To Do If Your Card Processing Application Gets Declined before making another application.
If an existing account has been closed rather than an application declined, the reason for termination becomes particularly important. Our guide to Understanding Terminated Merchant Facilities explains what termination can mean and what to consider next.
Yes, but the MCC is only one part of the underwriting decision.
Merchant Category Codes are used to classify the primary activity of a business.
A payment provider will still assess the underlying business model, transaction behaviour, customer base, regulatory status and overall risk.
Two businesses that appear similar at MCC level can receive very different underwriting decisions.
Our Merchant Codes List and High-Risk MCC Guide explains how MCCs work and why the code alone does not determine whether an application will be approved.
Merchant Advice Service does not provide merchant accounts and does not make underwriting decisions.
We provide free, independent guidance to help businesses understand their payment requirements and identify potentially suitable provider routes.
We look at the crypto activity, regulatory status, countries, currencies, payment flow, transaction profile, processing history and technical requirements.
We can help narrow the search to providers whose services and current appetite may be relevant to the business.
For more complex cases, we can help identify information that payment providers are likely to request.
The acquiring bank or payment provider carries out its own underwriting and determines acceptance, pricing, reserves, settlement and contractual terms.
Read more about how Merchant Advice Service works, including our approach to independent guidance, provider matching and complex merchant requirements.
Crypto payment processing is rarely a one-size-fits-all market.
The most suitable route depends on what your business actually does, where it operates, who its customers are, how funds move and what payment functionality you need.
Tell us about your business, regulatory position and payment requirements and Merchant Advice Service can help you understand the available routes and identify providers that may be appropriate.
Find a Crypto Payment Provider
This guide has been prepared using current UK regulatory guidance and official sources. Cryptoasset regulation is developing, so businesses should always check the latest requirements relevant to their activities.
This guide is provided for general information only and should not be treated as legal, regulatory, compliance, tax or financial advice.
Cryptoasset regulation and payment-provider requirements can change. Businesses should obtain appropriate professional advice where needed and should always check the latest regulatory requirements and the final terms offered by any payment provider.
Merchant Advice Service is free for businesses to use. We may receive a referral fee or commission from a provider when an introduction results in a completed account or service. We do not compare every provider in the market, and approval remains subject to the provider’s own assessment.
Payment-provider appetite, pricing, settlement terms, reserves and acceptance criteria can change. Merchant Advice Service cannot guarantee approval, pricing or specific commercial terms.
Written or reviewed by Libby James, founder of Merchant Advice Service and specialist in merchant payments and complex provider requirements.